BIOTECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLES & PROCESSES

A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 B 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Section-A

1. Significance of heat shock method in bacterial transformation is facilitate

Binding of DNA to the cell wall
Uptake of DNA through membrane transport proteins
Uptake of DNA through transient pores in the bacterial cell wall
Expression of antibiotic resistance gene

2.Process of formation of RNA from DNA is called

Transduction
Transcription
Transformation
Translation

3.Consider the following statements
I. Recombinant DNA technology popularly known as genetic engineering is a stream of biotechnology which deals with the manipulation of genetic material by man in vitro
II. pBR322 is the first artificial cloning vector developed in 1977 by Boliver and Rodriquez from E.coli plasmid
III. Restriction enzymes belongs to a class of enzymes called nucleases
Which of the statements given above are correct?

I and II
I and III
II and III
I, II and III

4.Having become an expert on gel electrophoresis, you are asked to examine a gel for a colleague. Where would you find the smallest segment of DNA?

Near the positive electrode, farthest away from the wells
Near the negative electrode, close to the wells
Near the top, near the negative pole
Near the middle they tend to slow-down after the first few minutes

5.The transgenic animals are those which have:

Foreign RNA in all its cell
Foreign DNA in all its cells
Foreign DNA in some of its cells
Both Foreign RNA and Foreign DNA in all its cells

6.Recombinant DNA technology is related with:

Stanley Cohen and Harbert Boyer
Bateson and Punnet
Huxley and Harvey
Schleiden and Schwann

7.Enzyme that is used in PCR technology is

Ligase
Polymerase
Helicase
Reverse transcriptase

8.Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants?

Trichoderma harzianum
Meloidogyne incognitia
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Penicillium expansum

9.A collection of organisms, usually viruses, bacteria or yeast, which have been transformed by the addition of extra genes from another species:

Gene replication
Gene cloning
Gene pool
Gene library

10.Single-stranded DNA molecules that can bind to and be used to detect other DNA molecules are called

Primer
STRs
RFLPs
Probes

11.The minimum length of cistron in base pairs which synthesizes a polypeptide of 50 amino acids is:

50 bp
100 bp
150 bp
200 bp

12.Which one of the following techniques had helped to solve many mysteries involving murders, robberies and rapes?

Gene splicing
Computer technology
DNA fingerprinting
Gene cloning

13.In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules are separated on the basis of their

Charge only
Size only
Charge to size ratio
All of these

14.In the naming of restriction enzymes the first letter is derived from _A_ name and next two letters from the _B_ and fourth letter from _C_ of _D_ where the enzymes are extracted
A to D in the statement can be

A-Genus,B-species,C-strain,D-bacteria
A-Species,B-genus,C-strain,D-bacteria
A-Genus,B-species,C-variety,D-eukaryote
A-Species,B-genus,C-variety,D-eukaryote

15.Gene therapy involves:

Introducing of a normal genes in cell
Eliminating defective and useless genes
Treating of defective genes with radiations
Replacement of defective genes by normal ones

16.Restriction enzymes may be used for:

Making recombinant DNA
Gene mapping
Diagnosis of genetic diseases
All the above

17.Retroviruses in animals including humans are able to change normal cells into

Germ cell
Cancerous cells
Cosmid
Vector

18.Genetic diagnosis by DNA testing:

Detects only mutant and normal alleles
Can be done only on eggs or sperms
Involves hybridization to ribosomal RNA
Utilizes restriction enzymes and a polymorphic site

19.$T_1$ plasmid is used for making transgenic plants. It is obtained from:

Azotobacter
Agrobacterium
Rhizobium in leguminous root
Yeast

20.Find the incorrect statement:

Gene therapy is a genetic engineering technique used to treat disease at molecular level by replacing defective genes with normal genes
Calcitonin is a medically useful recombinant product in the treatment of infertility
Bt toxin is a biodegradable insecticide obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis
Trichoderma sp. is a biocontrol agent for fungal diseases of plants

21.In case of polymerase chain reaction, temperature, required for the steps
A. Denaturation
B. Annealing
C. Extension

A-94℃, B-40℃, C-72℃
A-40℃, B-72℃, C-94℃
A-72℃, B-94℃, C-40℃
A-94℃, B-72℃, C-40℃

22.DNA gyrase, the enzyme that participates in the process of DNA replication is a type of

DNA ligase
DNA polymerase
DNA topoisomerase
Reverse transcriptase

23.The most important feature in a plasmid to be used as a vector is

Origin of replication
Presence of a selectable marker
Presence of sites for restriction endonuclease
Its size

24.The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a reaction in which amplification of specific DNA sequences is carried out in vitro. This statement is

True
False
Sometimes True and sometimes False
Neither True nor False

25.Protein engineering is used to study the proteins to compare the catalytic properties of:

Normal and mutated form of enzyme
Normal form of enzyme
Mutated form of enzyme
Normal and mutated form of proteins

26.Consider the following statement about PCR
I. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a technique of synthesizing multiple copies of the desired gene in vitro
II. This technique was developed by Kary Mullis in 1985
III. A single PCR amplification cycle involves three basic steps; denaturation, annealing and extension
Which of the statement given above are correct?

I and II
I and III
II and III
I, II and III

27.Special sequence in the DNA recognized by restriction endonuclease is called

Restriction nucleotide sequence
Palindromic nucleotide sequence
Recognition nucleotide sequence
All of the above

28.The two main techniques that gave birth to modern biotechnology are
I. chemical engineering
II. genetic engineering
III. human genome engineering
IV. molecular biology
Choose the correct option

I and II
I and III
II and IV
II and III

29.Clonal cell lines can be obtained by:

Autoradiography
Tissue culture
Centrifugation
Cell fractionation

30.The first recombinant DNA was constructed by

Stanley Cohen
Herbert Boyer
Both Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer
Temin and Baltimore

31.Name of the drug used in cancer treatment produced by using biotechnology is:

HGH
TSH
Insulin
Interferon

32.Which of the following is correctly matched?

Agrobacterium tumefaciens – Tumour
Thermus aquaticus – Bt gene
pBR322 – Enzyme
Ligase – Molecular scissors

33.The function of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is:

Translation
Transduction
DNA amplification
None of these

34.The Ti plasmid used in genetic engineering is obtained from:

Bacillus thuringeinsis
Agrobacterium rhizogenes
Agrobacterium tumifaciens
Escherichia coli

35.More advancement in genetic engineering is due to

Restriction endonuclease
Reverse transcription
Protease
Zymase

Section-B

36.In bacteria, genes for antibiotic resistance are usually located in:

Chromosomal DNA
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Plasmids

37.Consider the following statements I. In microinjection method foreign DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of animal cell or plant cell by using micro needles or micro pipettes II. Microinjection method is used in oocytes, eggs and embryo III. Electroporation is the formation of temporary pores in the plasma membrane of host cell by using lysozyme or calcium chloride IV. In chemical mediated gene transfer method certain chemicals such as CO_2 help foreign DNA to enter the host cell Which of the statements given above are correct?

I and II
I, II and III
II, III and IV
I, II, III and IV

38.Restriction enzymes are isolated chiefly from:

Algae
Fungi
Protozoans
Prokaryotes

39.DNA can be introduced into any cell by:

Injection
Being complexed with calcium salts
Being placed along with the cell into a gene gun
Gel electrophoresis

40.The restriction enzyme responsible for the cleavage of following sequence is
$5'-G-T-C-G-A-C-3'$
$3'-C-A-G-C-T-G-5'$

Alu I
Bam HI
Hind II
Eco RI

41.c-DNA probes are copied from the messenger RNA molecules with the help of:

Restriction enzymes
Reverse transcriptase
DNA polymerase
Adenosine deaminase

42.Producing a ‘giant mouse’ in the laboratory was possible through:

Gene mutation
Gene duplication
Gene synthesis
Gene manipulation

43.First biochemical to be produced commercially by microbial cloning and genetic engineering is:

Interferon
Penicillin
Human insulin
Fertility factors

44.I. Bacteriophages are _A_ nfectecting _B_ .
II. _C_ are hybrid vectors derived from plasmids which contain or site of λ phage
A, B and C in above statements refers to

A-Protozoa,B-Bacteria,C-Cosmid
A-Plasmid,B-Virus,C-Cosmid
A-Bacteria,B-Virus,C-Cosmid
A-Virus,B-Bacteria,C-Cosmid

45.Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) needs

DNA template
Primers
Taq polymerase
All of these

46.RNA is removed by the treatment with

Ribonuclease
Protease
Chitinase
Cellulase

47.Cutting of a piece of DNA from a plasmid was done with the help of _A_ enzymes, popularly known as _B_ . Here A and B can be

A-Tu ligases; B-Molecular glu
A-Restriction enzyme; B-Molecular scissors
A-Joining enzyme; B-Molecular glu
A-DNA polymerases; B-Synthesising enzymes

48.Primers are

Small chemically synthesized oligonucleotides of about 10-18 nucleotides that are complementary to the region of template DNA
Chemically synthesized oligonucleotides of about 10-18 nucleotides that are not complementary to the region of template DNA
The double-stranded DNA that need to the amplified
Specific sequences present on recombinant DNA

49.The message from nuclear DNA for the synthesis of specific cytoplasmic protein is carried by:

mRNA
t-RNA
s-RNA
r-RNA

50.Totipotency in cell is

Flower in a culture medium
Development of fruit from a flower in a culture medium
Development of an organism from cell in culture medium
Development of all tissues of all kinds from a cell in a culture medium