BIOMOLECULES

A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 B 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Section-A

1.Which kinds of structures of proteins are shown in the figures given below



A=1° structure, B = 2° structure, C = 3° structure, D = 4° structure
A=4° structure, B = 2° structure, C = 3° structure, D = 1° structure
A=1° structure, B = 4° sstructure, C = 3° structure, D = 2° structure
A=4° structure, B = 3° structure, C = 2° structure, D = 1° structure

2.Select the secondary metabolites from the list given below
I. alkaloids
II. flavonoids
III. rubber
IV. essential oils
V. antibiotics
VI. coloured pigments
VII. scents
VIII. gums
IX. spices
Choose the correct option

I to IX
All except II and IX
I, III, IV and VI
All except I and VII

3.A high fever is dangerous to humans because

Proteins are used up quickly
Fats are oxidised
Enzymes are denatured
BMR is lowered

4.Enzymes are functional at

10-15℃
15-25℃
25-30℃
30-50℃

5.Choose the correct statement

The living state is a non-equilibrium steady state to be able to perform work
The constant flow of material for energy in and out of cell prevent the cell from reaching equilibrium
Living state and metabolism are synonyms
All are correct

6.The enzyme part, which combines with non-protein part to form a functional enzyme, is known as

Coenzyme
Holoenzyme
Apoenzyme
Prosthetic group

7.In which one of the following enzymes copper is necessarily associated as an activator?

Carbonic anhydrase
Tryptophanase
Lactic dehydrogenase
Tyrosinase

8.Which of the following statements regarding enzyme inhibition is correct?

Non-competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be overcome by adding large amount of substrate
Competitive inhibition is seen when a substrate competes with an enzyme for binding to an inhibition protein
Competitive inhibition is seen when the substrate and the inhibitor compete
Non-competitive inhibitors often bind to the enzyme irreversibly

9.Amino acids are organic compounds and are called α-amino acids. Why?

Amino acids are organic compounds containing an amino group and acidic group as substituents n two different carbons
Amino acids are organic compounds containing an amino group and an acidic group as substituents on the same carbon
Amino acids are inorganic compounds containing an amino group and acidic group as substituents on two different carbons
Amino acids are inorganic compounds containing an amino group and acidic group as substituents on the same carbon

10.Enzymes that catalyses the removal of groups from substrates by mechanism other than hydrolysis, addition of groups to double bonds are called

Lyases
Ligases
Hydrolases
Dehydrogenases

11.Cholesterol is considered as a crucial molecule in animals because it is

Necessary for survival
Energy source
Helps in hydrolysis of glycogen
Source of many vertebrate hormones and other steroids

12.The acid soluble pool, roughly represents

Chemical composition of cell
Cytoplasmic composition of cell
Both of the above
None of the above

13.Choose the correct graph showing, the effect of pH on the velocity of a typical enzymatic reaction (V)?


a)
b)
c)
d)

14.Name the structural formulae of the given structures correctly


A-Adenine; B-Uracil
A-Guanine; B-Thymine
A-Adenine; B-Guanine
A-Cytosine; B-Thymine

15.An organic substance bound to an enzyme and essential for its activity, is called

Coenzyme
Holoenzyme
Apoenzyme
Isoenzyme

16.Select the wrong statement

Proteins are heteropolymers made of amino acids
Ribozymes are nucleic acids with catalytic power
Nucleic acids serve as genetic material
Collagen is the most abundant protein in the whole of the biosphere and Rubisco is the most abundant proteins in animal world

17.Which of the following is not a coenzyme?

NAD
NADP
FAD
ATP

18.Name the term given to the left and right ends of a polysaccharide


Left end-N-terminal end, Right end-C-terminal end
Left end-reducing end, Right end-non-reducing end
Left end- non-reducing end, Right end-reducing end
Left end-C-terminal end, Right end-N-terminal end

19.Identify the term ‘ash’ in term of living tissue sample analysis from the statements given below

Organic compounds oxidised to gaseous form ($CO_2$ and water vapour) after burning of the tissue
The material left after burning the tissue which contains inorganic elements (e.g., calcium, magnesium etc.)
Compounds removed in the form of gases
Compounds which may be soluble in intracellular fluid

20.Pick out the wrong statement

Amino acids are substituted methanes
Glycerol is a trihydroxy propone
Lysine is a neutral amino acid
Lecithin is a phospholipid

21.In which one of the following sets of three items each belong to the category mentioned against them?

Lysine, glycine, thiamine – Amino acids
Myosin, oxytocin and gastric – Hormones
Rennin, helicase and hyaluronidase – Enzymes
Optic nerve, oculomotor, vagus – Purely Sensory nerves

22.Michaelis Menten constant (km) is equal to

The rate of enzymatic activity
The rate of reaction
Substrate concentration at which the reaction attains half of its maximum velocity
Substrate concentration at which the rate of reaction is maximum

23.Arrange the steps of catalytic action of an enzyme in order and choose the correct option.
I. The enzyme releases the products of the reaction and the enzyme is free for another substrate.
II. The active site of enzyme is in close proximity of the substrate and breaks of chemical bonds of the substrate.
III. The binding of substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape fitting more tightly around the substrate.
IV. The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme fitting into the active site.

IV, III, II, I
III, II, I, IV
IV, II, I, III
II, I, IV, III

24.Which of the following secondary metabolites are used as drugs?

Vinblastin and curcumin
Anthocyanin
Gums and cellulose
Abrin and ricin

25.The given graph shows the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of reaction of the enzyme green gram-phosphatase. What does the graph indicate?


The rate of enzyme reaction is directly proportional to the substrate concentration
Presence of an enzyme inhibitor in the reaction mixture
Formation of an enzyme-substrate complex
At higher substrate concentration, the pH increase

26.The figure given below shows three velocity substrate concentration curves for an enzyme reaction. What do the curves A, B and C depict respectively?


A-normal enzyme reaction, B-competitive inhibition, C-non-competitive inhibition
A-enzyme with an allosteric modulator added, B-normal enzyme activity, C-competitive inhibition
A-enzyme with an allosteric stimulator, B-competitive inhibitor added, C- normal enzyme reaction
A- normal enzyme reaction, B-non-competitive inhibitor added, C- allosteric inhibitor added

27.Select the correct option which represents the homopolysaccharides made up of glucose monomers

Sucrose, lactose, maltose
Chitin, glycogen, starch
Starch, inulin, peptidoglycan
Starch, glycogen, cellulose

28.The inhibitor which binds to the enzyme at site other than the active site and do not resemble the substrate in structure is called

Activator
Substrate analogue
Competitive inhibitor
Non-competitive inhibitor

29.Which of the following statements about enzymes are correct?
I. Enzymes do not alter the overall change in free energy for a reaction
II. Enzymes are highly specific for reactions
III. The energy input needed to start a chemical reaction is called activation energy
IV. Enzymes are proteins whose three dimensional shape is key to their functions

I and V
I, II and V
II and V
All of these

30.Enzymes that catalyze inter-conversion of optical, geometrical or positional isomers are

Ligases
Lyases
Hydrolases
Isomerases

31.The term metabolism means

The sum of all the enzymatically catalysed chemical reactions constantly taking place in the cells and tissues of the living organisms
Processes that change the small molecules into larger ones
Processes that converts the large molecules into smaller ones
None of the above

32.Which enzyme catalyse the break down of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen?

A carbonic anhydrase and catalase
Hydrolyase and oxidase
Peroxidase and catalase
Hydrolase and oxidase

33.The following reaction is catalysed by which of the enzyme?
$NADH+H^+ + ½ O_2⟶NAD^++H_2 O$

Hydrolases
Cytochrome oxidases
Transferases
Lyases

34.Choose the correct option representing X and Y in the given graph


X-Activation energy without enzymes, Y-Activation energy with enzyme
X- Activation energy with enzyme, Y-Activation energy without enzyme
X-Substrate concentration with enzyme, Y-Substrate concentration without enzyme
X-Substrate concentration without enzyme, Y-Substrate concentration with enzyme

35.According to Watson-Crick model, DNA exists as a _A_. The two strands of polynucleotides are _B_. The backbone is formed by the sugar _C_, _D_ chain. The nitrogen bases are more or less _E_ to this backbone
Choose the correct options for the blanks A, B, C, D and E

A-chain, B-perpendicular, C-carbonate, D-base, E-parallel
A-helix, B-parallel, C-sugar, D-phosphate, E-perpendicular
A-double helix, B-antiparallel, C-phosphate, D-sugar, E-perpendicular
A-strand, B-parallel, C-sulphate, D-sugar, E-perpendicular

Section-B

36.Which form of keratin is present in human hair?

Parallel β-sheet
α-helix
Antiparallel β-sheet
None of these

37.An example of competitive inhibition of an enzyme is the inhibition of

Succinic dehydrogenase by malonic acid
Cytochrome oxidase by cyanide
Hexokinase by glucose-6-phosphate
Carbonic anhydrase by carbon dioxide

38.Given below are two statements A and B. Choose the correct answer related to the statements.
Statement A: Amino acids are amphoteric in their function.
Statement B: All amino acids are necessary for our body.

Statement A is correct but statement B is wrong
Both the statements A and B are correct
Statement A is wrong but statement B is correct
Both the statements A and B are wrong

39.The β-pleated sheet structure found in proteins is due to

Linking together of two or more polypeptides
Coiling of polypeptide chains
Formation of peptide bonds
Folding of the coiled polypeptide chains

40.Match the following column

Column-I Column- II
(A) Dehydrogenases (1) Interconversion of optical, geometrical positional isomers
(B) Ligases (2) Group transfer
(C) Isomerases (3) Oxidoreduction between two substrates
(D) Hydrolases (4) Linking together of two bond
(E) Transferases (5) Hydrosis of bonds

A-5,B-4,C-1,D-2,E-3
A-4,B-3,C-5,D-2,E-1
A-5,B-4,C-2,D-3,E-1
A-5,B-4,C-2,D-3,E-1

41.Biomolecules are constantly being changed into some other biomolecules and are made from

Amino acids
Biomolecules only
Monosaccharides
Enzymes

42.Name the four elements called ‘Big-four’ which make up 95% of all elements found in a living system

C, H, O, P
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, S

43.The inhibitor which inhibits the enzyme activity by binding to the active site of the enzyme, due to the close resemblance to the substrate in its molecular structure is called

Non-competitive inhibitor
Competitive inhibitor
Allosteric modulator
Feedback inhibitor

44.Those nucleic acids which behave like enzymes are known as

Ribozymes
Pepzymes
Both Ribozymes and Pepzymes
Ribose

45.Which of the two groups of following formula is involved in peptide bond formation between different amino acids?


1 and 3
2 and 3
2 and 4
1 and 4

46.Chemical compounds which are found in the acid insoluble fraction are called

Biomolecules
Macromolecules
Micromolecules
Both Biomolecules and Macromolecules

47.What is the approximate percentage of proteins in the cell contents?

12%
10%
15%
20%

48.Which of the following is the example of structural protein?

Myosin
Collagen
Keratin
All of these

49.Every chemical (metabolic) reaction is a _ reaction

Induced
Reversible
Catalysed
Spontaneous

50.The pyrimidine base, which confers additional stability to DNA over RNA, is

Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine